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# Log2Ram # Log2Ram
Like ramlog for systemd (on debian 8 jessie for example). Log2Ram works just like ramlog for systemd (on Debian 8 Jessie for example).
Usefull for **RaspberryPi** for not writing on the SD card all the time. You need it because your SD card doesn't want to suffer anymore! Useful for **RaspberryPi** for not writing on the SD card all the time. You need it because your SD card doesn't want to suffer anymore!
Explanations: The script creates a `/var/log` mount point in RAM. So any writing of the log to the `/var/log` folder will not actually be written to disk (in this case to the SD card for a Raspberry Pi) but directly to RAM. By default, every day, the CRON will launch a synchronization of the RAM to the folder located on the physical disk. The script will also make this copy of RAM to disk in case of machine shutdown (but cannot do it in case of power failure). This way you avoid excessive writing on the SD card. Explanations: The script creates a `/var/log` mount point in RAM. So any writing of the log to the `/var/log` folder will not actually be written to disk (in this case to the SD card on a Raspberry Pi) but directly to RAM. By default, every day the CRON will synchronize the contents in RAM with the folder located on the physical disk. The script will also make this copy of RAM to disk in case of machine shutdowns (but, of course, it still won't do it in case of power failures). This way you can avoid excessive writing on the SD card and extend its life.
The script [log2ram](https://github.com/azlux/log2ram) can work on every linux system. So you can use it with your own daemon manager if you don't have systemd. [Log2Ram](https://github.com/azlux/log2ram)'s script works on every Linux system. If you don't have Systemd, you can still use Log2Ram with your own daemon manager.
Log2Ram is based on transient log for Systemd here : [A transient /var/log](https://www.debian-administration.org/article/661/A_transient_/var/log) Log2Ram is based on transient /var/log for Systemd. For more information, check [here](https://www.debian-administration.org/article/661/A_transient_/var/log).
_____ _____
## Table of Contents ## Table of Contents
1. [Install](#install) 1. [Installation](#installation)
2. [Is it working?](#is-it-working) 2. [Is it working?](#is-it-working)
3. [Upgrade](#upgrade) 3. [Upgrading](#upgrading)
4. [Customize](#customize) 4. [Customization](#customization)
5. [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) 5. [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
6. [Uninstall](#uninstall-) 6. [Uninstallation](#uninstallation-)
## Install ## Installation
### With APT (recommended) ### Via APT (recommended)
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg] http://packages.azlux.fr/debian/ bullseye main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/azlux.list
sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg https://azlux.fr/repo.gpg
sudo apt update
sudo apt install log2ram
```bash
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg] http://packages.azlux.fr/debian/ bullseye main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/azlux.list
sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg https://azlux.fr/repo.gpg
sudo apt update
sudo apt install log2ram
```
### Manually ### Manually
curl -L https://github.com/azlux/log2ram/archive/master.tar.gz | tar zxf -
cd log2ram-master
chmod +x install.sh && sudo ./install.sh
cd ..
rm -r log2ram-master
For better performances. `RSYNC` is a recommended package. ```bash
curl -L https://github.com/azlux/log2ram/archive/master.tar.gz | tar zxf -
cd log2ram-master
chmod +x install.sh && sudo ./install.sh
cd ..
rm -r log2ram-master
```
**REBOOT** before installing anything else (for example apache2) For better performances, `RSYNC` is a recommended package.
**REBOOT** before installing anything else (for example `apache2`)
## Is it working? ## Is it working?
After installing and rebooting, use systemctl to check if Log2Ram started successfully: After installing and rebooting, use systemctl to check if Log2Ram started successfully:
``` ```bash
systemctl status log2ram systemctl status log2ram
``` ```
This will show a color-coded status (green active/red failed) as well as the last few log lines. To show the full log (scrolled to the end), run: This will show a color-coded status (green: active/red: failed), as well as the last few log lines. To show the full log (scrolled to the end), run:
``` ```bash
journalctl -u log2ram -e journalctl -u log2ram -e
``` ```
The log is also written to `/var/log/log2ram.log`. The log is also written to `/var/log/log2ram.log`.
You can also inspect the mount folder in ram with (You will see lines with log2ram if working) You can also inspect the mount folder in RAM with:
```
```bash
# df -h | grep log2ram # df -h | grep log2ram
log2ram 40M 532K 40M 2% /var/log log2ram 40M 532K 40M 2% /var/log
```
or also:
```bash
# mount | grep log2ram # mount | grep log2ram
log2ram on /var/log type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=40960k,mode=755) log2ram on /var/log type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=40960k,mode=755)
``` ```
## Upgrade If you do not get any line as response of these commands, something is not working. Refer to [this section](#is-it-working).
You need to stop log2ram (`service log2ram stop`) and start the [install](#install). (APT will do it automatically) ## Upgrading
## Customize You need to stop Log2Ram (`service log2ram stop`) and execute the [installation](#installation) process. If you used APT, this will be done automatically.
#### variables :
## Customization
#### Variables
In the file `/etc/log2ram.conf`, there are five variables: In the file `/etc/log2ram.conf`, there are five variables:
- `SIZE`: defines the size the log folder will reserve into the RAM (default is 40M). - `SIZE`: defines the size the log folder will reserve into the RAM (default is 40M).
@ -74,18 +86,19 @@ In the file `/etc/log2ram.conf`, there are five variables:
- `PATH_DISK`: activate log2ram for other path than default one. Paths should be separated with a `;`. - `PATH_DISK`: activate log2ram for other path than default one. Paths should be separated with a `;`.
- `ZL2R`: enable zram compatibility (`false` by default). Check the comment on the config file. See https://github.com/StuartIanNaylor/zram-swap-config to configure a zram space on your raspberry before enable this option. - `ZL2R`: enable zram compatibility (`false` by default). Check the comment on the config file. See https://github.com/StuartIanNaylor/zram-swap-config to configure a zram space on your raspberry before enable this option.
#### refresh time: #### Refresh time
By default Log2Ram writes to disk every day. If you think this is too much, you can run `systemctl edit log2ram-daily.timer` and add:
By default, Log2Ram writes to disk every day. If you think this is too much, you can run `systemctl edit log2ram-daily.timer` and for example add:
```ini ```ini
[Timer] [Timer]
OnCalendar= OnCalendar=
OnCalendar=Mon *-*-* 23:55:00 OnCalendar=Mon *-*-* 23:55:00
``` ```
... or even disable it with `systemctl disable log2ram-daily.timer`, if you prefer writing logs only at stop/reboot. ... Or even disable it altogether with `systemctl disable log2ram-daily.timer`, if you instead prefer Log2Ram to be writing logs only on system stops/reboots.
#### compressor: #### Compressor
Compressor for zram. Usefull for the `COMP_ALG` of ZRAM on the config file. Compressor for ZRAM. Useful for the `COMP_ALG` of ZRAM on the config file.
| Compressor name | Ratio | Compression | Decompress. | | Compressor name | Ratio | Compression | Decompress. |
|------------------------|----------|-------------|-------------| |------------------------|----------|-------------|-------------|
@ -104,41 +117,50 @@ Compressor for zram. Usefull for the `COMP_ALG` of ZRAM on the config file.
### Existing content in `/var/log` too large for RAM ### Existing content in `/var/log` too large for RAM
One thing that stops Log2Ram from starting is if `/var/log` is to large before starting Log2Ram the first time. This can happen if logs had been collected for a long time before installing Log2Ram. Find the largest directories in `/var/log` (this commands only shows the 3 largest): One thing that stops Log2Ram from functioning is if `/var/log` is too large before starting Log2Ram the first time. This can happen if logs had been collected for a long time before installing Log2Ram itself. Find the largest directories in `/var/log` (this example command only shows the 3 largest):
``` ```bash
sudo du -hs /var/log/* | sort -h | tail -n 3 sudo du -hs /var/log/* | sort -h | tail -n 3
``` ```
If the `/var/log/journal` is very large, then there are a lot of system logs. Deletion of old "archived" logs can be fixed by adjusting a setting. Edit the `/etc/systemd/journald.conf` file and add the following option: If the `/var/log/journal` is very large, then there are a lot of system logs. Deletion of old "archived" logs can be fixed by adjusting a setting. Edit the `/etc/systemd/journald.conf` file and add the following option:
``` ```bash
SystemMaxUse=20M SystemMaxUse=20M
``` ```
This should be set to a value smaller than the size of the RAM volume, for example half. Then apply the new setting: This should be set to a value smaller than the size of the RAM volume; for example, half of it could be fine. Then, apply the new setting:
``` ```bash
sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald
``` ```
This should shrink the size of "archived" logs to be below the limit. Reboot and check that Log2Ram succeds: This should shrink the size of "archived" logs to be below the newly imposed limit. Reboot and check that Log2Ram now works properly:
``` ```bash
sudo reboot sudo reboot
… ```
Wait until system reboots...
```bash
systemctl status log2ram systemctl status log2ram
``` ```
## Uninstall :( ## Uninstallation :(
(Because sometime we need it)
### With APT (Because sometimes we need it)
```
### Via APT
```bash
sudo apt remove log2ram sudo apt remove log2ram
``` ```
You can use `--purge` to remove config files as well.
You can add the `--purge` argument to remove Log2Ram config files as well.
### Manually ### Manually
```
```bash
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/uninstall-log2ram.sh && sudo /usr/local/bin/uninstall-log2ram.sh chmod +x /usr/local/bin/uninstall-log2ram.sh && sudo /usr/local/bin/uninstall-log2ram.sh
``` ```